🌍 Environment & Ecology MCQ Questions
Set – 4 | Competitive Examinations
Best for exams where Environment & Ecology has high relevance
Q31. Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?
- (A) Wind energy
- (B) Solar energy
- (C) Coal
- (D) Tidal energy
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Correct answer is Coal. It is finite and cannot be replenished within a human timescale.
Q32. Which of these is a major effect of ozone layer depletion?
- (A) Increased UV radiation reaching Earth
- (B) Global cooling
- (C) Acid rain
- (D) Ocean acidification
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Correct answer is Increased UV radiation reaching Earth. Ozone absorbs harmful UV rays, and depletion allows more to pass through.
Q33. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas other than CO₂?
- (A) Methane
- (B) Oxygen
- (C) Nitrogen
- (D) Helium
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Correct answer is Methane. It traps heat in the atmosphere and contributes to climate change.
Q34. What is the main purpose of the Kyoto Protocol?
- (A) Protect marine biodiversity
- (B) Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
- (C) Prevent deforestation
- (D) Promote nuclear energy
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Correct answer is Reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It sets binding targets for industrialized countries.
Q35. Which is the main cause of ocean acidification?
- (A) Carbon dioxide absorption
- (B) Oil spills
- (C) Plastic pollution
- (D) Thermal pollution
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Correct answer is Carbon dioxide absorption. Oceans absorb CO₂, which lowers pH and affects marine life.
Q36. Which of the following is a biotic component of an ecosystem?
- (A) Plants
- (B) Sunlight
- (C) Water
- (D) Soil
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Correct answer is Plants. Biotic components are living organisms in an ecosystem.
Q37. Which process increases the oxygen content of the atmosphere?
- (A) Photosynthesis
- (B) Respiration
- (C) Combustion
- (D) Decomposition
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Correct answer is Photosynthesis. Plants release oxygen while converting CO₂ to glucose.
Q38. Which of the following is an effect of global warming on oceans?
- (A) Ocean cooling
- (B) Decrease in salinity
- (C) Increase in ice coverage
- (D) Sea level rise
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Correct answer is Sea level rise. Melting ice and thermal expansion increase ocean levels.
Q39. Which of the following is a major consequence of desertification?
- (A) Loss of arable land
- (B) Increase in rainfall
- (C) Deforestation recovery
- (D) Soil fertility improvement
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Correct answer is Loss of arable land. Desertification reduces productive soil, affecting food security.
Q40. Which of these processes converts nitrogen in the atmosphere into a usable form for plants?
- (A) Respiration
- (B) Photosynthesis
- (C) Nitrogen fixation
- (D) Decomposition
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Correct answer is Nitrogen fixation. Certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms plants can absorb.
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