📅 DAY – 21

🩺 Nursing Question of the Day

Challenge yourself with one exam-style nursing question every day.

✅ Think carefully • ✅ Choose your answer • ✅ Then scroll down to check the explanation.

📝 Today’s Question:

A patient with sickle cell disease develops sudden severe anemia and splenomegaly. Which crisis is most likely?

A. Aplastic
B. Sequestration
C. Hemolytic
D. Vaso-occlusive

👆 Comment your answer and the tap an option to check your answer.

🩸 Sickle Cell Disease — Sequestration Crisis

❓ Question: A patient with sickle cell disease develops sudden severe anemia and splenomegaly. Which crisis is most likely?
A. Aplastic
B. Sequestration
C. Hemolytic
D. Vaso-occlusive

✅ Answer: (B) Sequestration


📖 What is a Sequestration Crisis?

Sequestration = Trapping or pooling of blood within an organ, preventing it from returning normally to the circulation.

In a splenic sequestration crisis, large amounts of blood become suddenly trapped in the spleen. This causes the spleen to enlarge and circulating blood volume to fall rapidly.

🩸 Sickled RBCs → Blood trapped in spleen
⬇️
🫀 ↓ Circulating blood volume
⬇️
🩸 Severe anemia + Splenomegaly

👉 Therefore, the combination of sudden severe anemia + splenomegaly strongly points to a sequestration crisis.


🩺 Why is Option B Correct?

A sequestration crisis is characterized by rapid pooling of blood in the spleen. The patient may develop:

  • ✔ Sudden worsening anemia
  • ✔ Rapid enlargement of the spleen
  • ✔ Pallor and weakness
  • ✔ Tachycardia
  • ✔ Hypovolemia or circulatory compromise in severe cases

👉 The key exam clue is “acute anemia + enlarged spleen.”


❌ Why Are the Other Options Wrong?

A. Aplastic Crisis
❌ Usually results from temporary suppression of red blood cell production, classically associated with parvovirus B19. It causes a marked fall in hemoglobin and reticulocytes but does not typically cause acute splenomegaly.

B. Sequestration Crisis
✅ Correct. Sudden pooling of blood in the spleen produces acute severe anemia with splenomegaly.

C. Hemolytic Crisis
❌ Involves increased destruction of red blood cells, producing worsening anemia and jaundice. Splenic enlargement is not the defining clue in this acute presentation.

D. Vaso-occlusive Crisis
❌ Caused by microvascular obstruction from sickled RBCs and is classically associated with severe pain, not sudden severe anemia with splenomegaly.


📝 Quick Comparison of Sickle Cell Crises

CrisisKey Clue
SequestrationAcute anemia + splenomegaly
Aplastic↓ RBC production + ↓ reticulocytes
HemolyticIncreased RBC destruction
Vaso-occlusiveSevere pain from vascular obstruction

🧠 Memory Trick:

“Sequestration = Spleen Stores Blood.”

🩸 Sudden anemia + Big spleen = Sequestration crisis ✅

📌 Exam Tip: In sickle cell disease, remember splenomegaly + sudden severe anemia as the classic clue for splenic sequestration crisis. In contrast, aplastic crisis is associated with reduced erythropoiesis and a low reticulocyte count.

💚 Exam Objective Nursing – Asha D
Concept clarity • Easy recall • Nursing success

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