🌍 Environment & Ecology MCQ Questions
Set – 5 | Competitive Examinations
Take your environment knowledge to the next level! Perfect for global competitive exams 🌱🌎
Q41. Which of the following is a major source of freshwater?
- (A) Rivers and lakes
- (B) Oceans
- (C) Industrial wastewater
- (D) Atmospheric CO₂
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Correct answer is Rivers and lakes. Freshwater is mainly obtained from surface water sources like rivers and lakes.
Q42. Which of these energy sources is considered clean and renewable?
- (A) Coal
- (B) Solar energy
- (C) Natural gas
- (D) Petroleum
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Correct answer is Solar energy. It is renewable, abundant, and produces no direct emissions.
Q43. What is the main function of decomposers in an ecosystem?
- (A) Produce oxygen
- (B) Consume herbivores
- (C) Break down dead matter
- (D) Fix nitrogen
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Correct answer is Break down dead matter. Decomposers recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Q44. Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere contains most of the ozone?
- (A) Troposphere
- (B) Stratosphere
- (C) Mesosphere
- (D) Thermosphere
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Correct answer is Stratosphere. The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs most UV radiation.
Q45. Which practice helps in controlling soil erosion?
- (A) Planting vegetation cover
- (B) Deforestation
- (C) Overgrazing
- (D) Mining activities
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Correct answer is Planting vegetation cover. Roots help bind soil and reduce erosion.
Q46. Which of the following is a primary producer in an ecosystem?
- (A) Algae
- (B) Fish
- (C) Lions
- (D) Bacteria
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Correct answer is Algae. Primary producers synthesize food using sunlight via photosynthesis.
Q47. Which type of forest stores the most carbon per unit area?
- (A) Tropical rainforest
- (B) Boreal forest
- (C) Temperate forest
- (D) Mangrove forest
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Correct answer is Tropical rainforest. Dense vegetation and biomass make them excellent carbon sinks.
Q48. Which gas is mainly responsible for acid rain?
- (A) Methane
- (B) Oxygen
- (C) Nitrogen)
- (D) Sulfur dioxide
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Correct answer is Sulfur dioxide. It reacts with water in the atmosphere to form acidic precipitation.
Q49. Which process returns water from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface?
- (A) Precipitation
- (B) Evaporation
- (C) Transpiration
- (D) Condensation)
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Correct answer is Precipitation. Rain, snow, and hail bring water back to the surface.
Q50. Which of the following human activities contributes most to climate change?
- (A) Planting trees
- (B) Burning fossil fuels
- (C) Solar energy use
- (D) Wind energy use
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Correct answer is Burning fossil fuels. This releases large amounts of CO₂, intensifying the greenhouse effect.
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