Anatomy and Physiology MCQs:
Preparing for nursing exams? Our collection of several sets of detailed Anatomy and Physiology MCQs flash cards help you revise essential concepts quickly and effectively.
Understanding human body structure and functions is key to scoring well in exams. These MCQs cover important topics like:
- Branches of Anatomy and Physiology
- Levels of Structural Organization
- Human Body Systems
- Basic Life Processes and Homeostasis
- Anatomical Terminology, Positions, and Directions
- Body Cavities and Abdominopelvic Regions
- Medical Imaging and Diagnostic Terms
Each MCQ comes with a rationale to help you understand why the answer is correct, making your study session more effective and exam-oriented.
Whether you are preparing for Nursing exams, entrance tests, or revision purposes, these MCQs provide a complete learning solution in a student-friendly way.
Start practicing now and enhance your memory retention while mastering essential Anatomy and Physiology concepts.
- Quick Revision
- Exam-Oriented Questions
- Detailed Explanations
- Student Friendly Learning Material
This collection is ideal for students preparing for major nursing exams worldwide, such as:
- NCLEX-RN (USA)
- CGFNS (USA)
- NMC Test (UK – Nursing & Midwifery Council)
- PNB (Postgraduate Nursing Exam, India)
- AIIMS Nursing Exam (India)
- Australian Nursing & Midwifery Council Exam (ANMC)
- Canadian Registered Nurse Exam (CRNE)
- Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS) Nursing Exam
- Singapore Nursing Board (SNB) Licensing Exam
- PGIMER Nursing Entrance Exam (India)
Keep revising, stay consistent, and crack your nursing exams with confidence!
Question 1:
What is the primary focus of anatomy?
A. Functions of organs
B. Structure of body parts
C. Chemical reactions
D. Disease processes
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Structure of body parts
Anatomy studies the structure and form of organs and their relationship with each other.
It does not primarily focus on functions, chemical reactions, or diseases.
Question 2:
Which aspect does physiology study?
A. Structure of organs
B. Functions of organs
C. Chemical composition only
D. Anatomical positions
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Functions of organs
Physiology focuses on how organs and systems perform their functions to maintain life.
It does not focus on structure, chemical composition alone, or anatomical positions.
Question 3:
Which is the correct hierarchy of structural organization in the human body?
A. Organism → System → Organ → Tissue → Cell
B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
C. Tissue → Cell → Organ → System → Organism
D. Organ → Tissue → Cell → System → Organism
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism
The human body is organized from cellular level up to the whole organism.
Other options list the hierarchy incorrectly.
Question 4:
Which of the following is part of the circulatory system?
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Kidneys
D. Stomach
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: A. Heart
The heart is the main organ of the circulatory system, pumping blood throughout the body.
Lungs, kidneys, and stomach belong to other systems.
Question 5:
Which of the following is considered a basic life process?
A. Nutrition
B. Reading books
C. Driving
D. Watching TV
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: A. Nutrition
Nutrition is a fundamental life process necessary for energy and growth.
Reading, driving, and watching TV are activities, not life processes.
Question 6:
What is the main purpose of homeostasis in the body?
A. Maintain stable internal environment
B. Increase body temperature only
C. Grow taller
D. Digest food faster
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: A. Maintain stable internal environment
Homeostasis ensures that internal conditions such as temperature, pH, and fluid balance remain stable.
Other options are either partial effects or unrelated activities.
Question 7:
Which is the major component of body fluids?
A. Proteins
B. Water
C. Lipids
D. Carbohydrates
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Water
Water makes up the majority of body fluids and is essential for transport, temperature regulation, and chemical reactions.
Proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates are present but in much smaller amounts.
Question 8:
Which position describes the body lying face up?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Trendelenburg
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: A. Supine
The supine position is lying flat on the back, face up, with arms at the sides.
Prone is face down, lateral is on the side, Trendelenburg is tilted head down.
Question 9:
Which term refers to a part away from the trunk of the body?
A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Superior
D. Inferior
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Distal
Distal refers to a body part located away from the trunk or point of origin.
Proximal is near the trunk, superior is above, inferior is below.
Question 10:
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
A. Frontal plane
B. Sagittal plane
C. Transverse plane
D. Oblique plane
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Sagittal plane
The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions.
Frontal divides front/back, transverse divides top/bottom, oblique is diagonal.
Question 11:
Which cavity contains the brain and spinal cord?
A. Thoracic cavity
B. Cranial cavity
C. Vertebral cavity
D. Both B and C
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: D. Both B and C
The brain is in the cranial cavity, spinal cord in the vertebral cavity.
Thoracic cavity contains the lungs and heart.
Question 12:
Which region is located below the umbilicus?
A. Epigastric
B. Umbilical
C. Hypogastric (pubic)
D. Hypochondriac
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: C. Hypogastric (pubic)
The hypogastric region lies below the umbilical region, over the pubic area.
Epigastric is above, umbilical is central, hypochondriac is upper lateral.
Question 13:
Which of the following best describes an acute disease?
A. Sudden onset and short duration
B. Long-lasting, slow progression
C. Present at birth
D. Only affects children
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: A. Sudden onset and short duration
Acute diseases appear suddenly and require urgent attention.
Chronic is long-lasting, congenital is present at birth, and age-specific is unrelated.
Question 14:
Which term refers to the building up reactions of the body?
A. Catabolism
B. Anabolism
C. Metabolism
D. Homeostasis
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Anabolism
Anabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions that build body structures.
Catabolism breaks down molecules, metabolism includes both, and homeostasis is balance.
Question 15:
Cytology is the study of:
A. Organs
B. Joints
C. Cells and organelles
D. Blood circulation
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: C. Cells and organelles
Cytology focuses on the structure, function, and organelles of cells.
Other options are studied in anatomy, arthrology, or angiology.
Question 16:
Angiology is the study of:
A. Joints
B. Blood circulation
C. Endocrine glands
D. Heart only
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Blood circulation
Angiology studies the blood vessels and circulation system of the body.
Joints, endocrine glands, and the heart alone are studied in arthrology, endocrinology, and cardiology respectively.
Question 17:
Endocrinology is the study of:
A. Nervous system
B. Endocrine glands
C. Circulatory system
D. Muscles
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Endocrine glands
Endocrinology studies glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood.
Other systems like nervous, circulatory, and muscular are not studied in endocrinology.
Question 18:
A feedback system is best described as:
A. A cycle controlling body conditions
B. Only hormone secretion
C. Only nerve impulses
D. Disease progression
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: A. A cycle controlling body conditions
A feedback system maintains homeostasis by detecting changes and producing responses to maintain balance.
It is not limited to hormones, nerve impulses, or diseases.
Question 19:
Comparative anatomy compares the organs of humans with:
A. Only other humans
B. Animals like fishes, birds, and reptiles
C. Microbes
D. Plants
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Animals like fishes, birds, and reptiles
Comparative anatomy studies similarities and differences between human organs and other animals.
It does not focus on microbes, plants, or only humans.
Question 20:
Diagnosis refers to:
A. Treatment plan
B. Identifying a disease based on symptoms
C. Patient history
D. Laboratory tests only
▴
Rationale
Correct Answer: B. Identifying a disease based on symptoms
Diagnosis is the process of determining the nature of a disease using symptoms, history, examination, and tests.
Treatment plan, history, and lab tests are components but not the definition of diagnosis.
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