🌍 Environment & Ecology MCQ Questions
Set – 7 | Competitive Examinations
Strengthen your environmental knowledge! Ideal for international competitive exams 🌱🌎
Q61. Which process converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants?
- (A) Nitrogen fixation
- (B) Photosynthesis
- (C) Respiration
- (D) Evaporation
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Correct answer is Nitrogen fixation. Certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants.
Q62. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
- (A) Thermosphere
- (B) Troposphere
- (C) Mesosphere
- (D) Stratosphere
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Correct answer is Stratosphere. The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Q63. Which of the following is a primary pollutant?
- (A) Carbon monoxide
- (B) Ozone)
- (C) Sulfuric acid)
- (D) Peroxyacetyl nitrate
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Correct answer is Carbon monoxide. Primary pollutants are directly emitted from sources like vehicles and industries.
Q64. Which of the following ecosystems is found in regions with permafrost?
- (A) Tropical rainforest
- (B) Savanna
- (C) Tundra
- (D) Desert
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Correct answer is Tundra. Tundra regions have frozen soil and low temperatures, limiting vegetation growth.
Q65. Which of the following contributes to the greenhouse effect the most?
- (A) Carbon dioxide
- (B) Oxygen)
- (C) Nitrogen)
- (D) Hydrogen)
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Correct answer is Carbon dioxide. CO₂ traps infrared radiation, warming the Earth.
Q66. Which layer of soil is richest in organic matter?
- (A) Subsoil
- (B) Topsoil
- (C) Parent rock
- (D) Bedrock)
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Correct answer is Topsoil. Topsoil contains decayed plant and animal matter, providing nutrients for plants.
Q67. Which of the following is a consequence of global warming on polar regions?
- (A) Melting glaciers
- (B) Increased snowfall)
- (C) Lower sea levels)
- (D) Decreased sunlight)
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Correct answer is Melting glaciers. Global warming increases temperatures, causing ice caps to melt.
Q68. Which renewable energy source harnesses energy from the sun?
- (A) Hydro energy
- (B) Wind energy
- (C) Solar energy
- (D) Geothermal energy)
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Correct answer is Solar energy. Solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into electricity.
Q69. Which is the main cause of soil erosion?
- (A) Water and wind
- (B) Photosynthesis)
- (C) Evaporation)
- (D) Respiration)
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Correct answer is Water and wind. Rainfall, rivers, and wind can remove topsoil, causing erosion.
Q70. Which of the following is the main human activity causing ocean pollution?
- (A) Plastic waste disposal
- (B) Photosynthesis)
- (C) Respiration)
- (D) Soil erosion)
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Correct answer is Plastic waste disposal. Plastics accumulate in oceans, harming marine life.
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